Pemanfaatan Diatom sebagai Bioindikator Kualitas Perairan di Mangrove Muara Bajulmati, Kabupaten Malang: The Utilization of Diatoms as Water Quality Bioindicators of Mangrove at Bajulmati Estuary, Malang Regency

Mohammad Mahmudi; Muhammad Musa; Naura Shofi Elradinan; Evellin Dewi Lusiana

doi:10.21776/ub.polusea.2024.002.02.5

Authors

Mohammad Mahmudi Brawijaya University
Muhammad Musa Brawijaya University
Naura Shofi Elradinan Brawijaya University
Evellin Dewi Lusiana Brawijaya University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.polusea.2024.002.02.5

Keywords:

Indeks keanekaragaman, Indek keseragaman, Indeks dominansi, Mikroalga, Pesisir

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove adalah salah satu ekosistem di kawasan pesisir yang memiliki peran krusial bagi lingkungan. Pemantauan terhadap kondisi perairan mangrove sangat penting dilakukan guna menjaga keberlanjutannya. Salah satu bioindikator yang dapat digunakan untuk tujuan ini adalah diatom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis komposisi diatom di berbagai habitat (akar, kolom air dan sedimen mangrove) dan memanfaatkan mikroorganisme ini sebagai agen bioindikator pencemaran di ekosistem mangrove Muara Bajulmati. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan selama Maret hingga April 2024 di tiga stasiun pengambilan sampel. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi komposisi diatom dan hasil pengukuran parameter kualitas air fisika dan kimia. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman dan indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 15 – 17 genus yang teridentifikasi pada akar, kolom air, dan sedimen mangrove Muara Bajulmati. Kondisi perairan di lokasi penelitian juga mendukung pertumbuhan diatom secara optimal. Selain itu, berdasarkan nilai indeks biologi yang diperoleh, maka habitat kolom air dan stasiun pengambilan sampel pertama memiliki kondisi perairan yang terbaik di kawasan mangrove Muara Bajulmati.

The mangrove ecosystem is one of the ecosystems in coastal areas that has a crucial role for the environment. Monitoring the condition of mangrove waters is very important to maintain their sustainability. One bioindicator that can be used for this purpose is diatoms. This research aims to analyze the composition of diatoms in various habitats (roots, water column and mangrove sediment) and utilize these microorganisms as a bioindicator agents for pollution in the Bajulmati estuary mangrove ecosystem. Research activities were carried out from March to April 2024 at three sampling stations. The data collected includes diatom composition and measurement results of physical and chemical water quality parameters. The data analysis used is the diversity index, uniformity index and dominance index. The research results showed that there were 15 - 17 genera identified in the roots, water column and sediments of the Bajulmati estuary mangroves. Water conditions at the research location also support optimal diatom growth. In addition, based on the biological index values obtained, the water column habitat and the first sampling station have the best water conditions in the Muara Bajulmati mangrove area.

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