Studi Bioakumulasi Logam Berat (Pb, Cd, As) Pada Ikan Kerapu Cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus X Epinephelus lanceolatus) dari Tambak Tradisional di Brondong, Lamongan, Jawa Timur: Study of Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation (Pb, Cd, As) In Giant Hybrid Groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus X Epinephelus lanceolatus) from Traditional Fish Pond in Brondong, Lamongan, East Java

Dewi Indra Pratiwi; Nina Nurmalia Dewi; Sapto Andriyono

doi:10.21776/ub.polusea.2024.002.01.5

Authors

Dewi Indra Pratiwi Airlangga University
Nina Nurmalia Dewi Airlangga University
Sapto Andriyono Airlangga University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.polusea.2024.002.01.5

Keywords:

Akumulasi, Arsenic, Lead, Kerapu, Cadmium, Accumulation, grouper

Abstract

Lamongan merupakan kabupaten yang berperan penting dalam mendukung perekonomian sehingga berbagai macam industri dibangun dan dimaksimalkan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan masyarakat. Peningkatan kepadatan penduduk menyebabkan meningkatnya angka konsumsi yang diiringi dengan pembangunan industri, sehingga memberi ruang pada material pencemar di perairan juga meningkat. Salah satu bahan pencemar yang memiliki dampak negatif jangka panjang adalah logam berat. Pada penelitian ini digunakan ikan kerapu cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) sebagai objek penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan logam berat Pb, Cd dan As dan untuk mengetahui indeks kecemaran serta status akumulasi pada ikan kerapu cantang, air dan sedimen di tambak tradisional di Brondong, Lamongan, Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah oberservatif, deskriptif sebagai jenis rancangan penelitian dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah secara kuantitatif dengan perhitungan pada indeks EF, Igeo, CF dan BCF. Sampel ikan kerapu cantang dan air akan diujikan kandungan logam berat di Laboratorium Unit Pelayanan Terpadu Pengujian Mutu dan Pengembangan Produk Kelautan dan Perikanan (UPT PMPPKP) Surabaya, sedangkan sedimen akan diujikan Angler Chemical Laboratorium Surabaya. Hasil rata-rata pengujian kandungan logam berat tertinggi terdapat pada sampel sedimen (Pb) yaitu sebesar 12,30 mg/kg dan terendah (Cd) sebesar 0,0171 mg/kg. Pada sampel air tertinggi pada (As) sebesar 0,0158 mg/kg dan terendah (Pb dan Cd) yaitu tidak terdeteksi. Pada ikan kerapu cantang logam berat tertinggi pada (As) sebesar 0,7515 mg/kg dan terendah pada (Cd) 0,0014 mg/kg. Sedangkan hasil pengujian pada indeks EF nilai tertinggi terukur pada logam berat Kadmium (42,75), nilai tertinggi Igeo, CF dan BCF secara berturut-turut adalah pada logam berat Arsen (1,06 ; 3,12 ; 49,88).

Lamongan is a district that plays an important role in supporting the economy so that various kinds of industries are built and maximized to meet the needs of the community. The increase in population density causes an increase in consumption rates which is accompanied by industrial development, thereby making room for polluting materials. One of the pollutants that has a long-term negative impact is heavy metals. In this study, the giant hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus) was used as the object of research. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of heavy metals Pb, Cd and As and to determine the pollution index and accumulation status of Cantang grouper, water and sediment in traditional ponds in Brondong, Lamongan, East Java. The research method used is observational and descriptive as a type of research design and the data analysis used is quantitative with calculations on the EF, Igeo, CF and BCF indexes. Samples of Cantang grouper and water will be tested for heavy metal content at the Integrated Service Unit Laboratory for Quality Testing and Development of Marine and Fishery Products (UPT PMPPKP) Surabaya, while the sediment will be tested for Angler Chemical at the Laboratory in Surabaya. The results of the average test for the highest heavy metal content were found in the sediment sample (Pb) which was 12.30 mg/kg and the lowest (Cd) was 0.0171 mg/kg. In the water sample, the highest (As) was 0.0158 mg/kg and the lowest (Pb and Cd) were not detected. In hybrid giant grouper, the highest heavy metal was at (As) of 0.7515 mg/kg and the lowest was at (Cd) of 0.0014 mg/kg. While, in the test results on the EF index, the highest value was measured for heavy metal Cadmium (42.75), and the highest values for Igeo, CF, and BCF, respectively, were heavy metal Arsenic (1.06; 3.12; 49.88).

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