Analisis Pencemaran Mikroplastik Pada Air Dan Sedimen Di Sungai Paron, Desa Sidomulyo, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur

Analysis Of Microplastic Pollution In Water And Sediment In The Paron River, Sidomulyo Village, Batu City, East Java

Abstract

Sungai Paron merupakan salah satu sungai yang berada di Kota Batu dan masuk ke dalam wilayah Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Brantas. Adanya aktivitas masyarakat di sekitar Sungai Paron, menjadi sumber utama pencemaran sampah plastik yang banyak ditemukan dan tersebar di wilayah Sungai Paron. Sampah plastik tersebut akan mengalami proses degradasi plastik menjadi mikroplastik yang berukuran kurang dari 5 mm. Mikroplastik yang tertelan oleh organisme kecil, akan mempengaruhi predator tingkat trofik tertinggi dalam piramida makanan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis kondisi lingkungan perairan Sungai Paron, serta jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik yang didapatkan pada air dan sedimen. Hasil analisis mikroplastik didapatkan 4 jenis mikroplastik pada air dan sedimen, yaitu jenis film, fragmen, fiber, dan pellet. Mikroplastik memiliki warna merah, hitam, biru, coklat, bening, dan ungu. Kelimpahan mikroplastik yang ditemukan di air berkisar 3.000–66,67 partikel/m3 . Kelimpahan mikroplastik di sedimen berkisar 3.666–100 partikel/kg. Hasil parameter lingkungan kecepatan arus 0.29–3.20 m/detik (arus sedang dan cepat); suhu 20.7–27 °C (suhu rendah); TSS 2–135 mg/L (melampaui); TDS 159–187 mg/L (tidak melampaui); (pH) 5.63–6.12; (DO 2.7–9.2 mg/L, yaitu menyatakan bahwa, Sungai Paron masuk dalam kategori melebihi ambang batas kelas I.

Paron River is one of the rivers in Batu City and is included in the Brantas River Basin. The river flows through residential areas, agriculture, plantations, and tourism. The existence of community activities around the Paron River is the main source of plastic waste pollution that is found and spread in the Paron River area. The plastic waste will undergo a process of plastic degradation into microplastics measuring less than 5 mm. Microplastics ingested by tiny organisms affect the highest trophic levels of predators in the food pyramid. The purpose of this study is to analyze the environmental conditions of the Paron River waters, analyze the type and abundance of microplastics found in water and sediment in the Paron River. Based on the results of the study, there are 4 types of microplastics found in water and sediment, namely films, fragments, fibers, and pellets. The water and sediment samples ware dominated by fragment and film. Microplastics come in red, black, blue, brown, clear and purple. The abudance of microplastics found in water ranges 3.000–66,67 partikel/m3 . The abudance of microplastics in sediment ranges 3.666–100 partikel/kg. Results of environmental parameters current speed 0.29–3.20 m/detik (moderate and fast current) temperatures ranging from 20.7–27 °C, , (TSS) 2–135 mg/L (surpass), (TDS) 159–187 mg/L, (pH) 5.63–6.12 (surpass), (DO) 2.7–9.2 mg/L (surpass). namely stating that, the Paron River is included in the category of exceeding the threshold of class I. The Paron River is included in the criteria of bad waters, when viewed from the results of macrozoobenthos found in the river.