Profil Hemosit Gastropoda dan Hubungannya dengan Kualitas Air dari Daerah Aliran Sungai Desa Bandungrejo, Kecamatan Bantur, Kabupaten Malang

Gastropod Hemocyte Profile and Its Relationship with Water Quality from the Watershed of Bandungrejo Village, Panggungrejo, Malang Regency

Abstract

Pencemaran aliran sungai terjadi akibat penggunaan air sungai yang berlebihan tanpa memikirkan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan sungai.  Gastropoda atau avertebrata lainnya memiliki Hemolymph dimana di dalamnya memiliki sel darah disebut Hemosit yang mempunyai peran penting dalam sistem pertahanan tubuh. Sistem ini melalui proses fagositosis, melanisasi, enkapsulasi dan koagulasi osit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis  kualitas air melalui profil hemosit gastropoda di Desa Bandungrejo. Penelitian dilakukan   menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan melakukan pengukuran kualitas air, profil hemosit    dan analisis data dengan metode CCA (Canonical Correspondence Analysis) dan indeks pencemaran. Hasil parameter suhu berkisar antara 22 – 25,3°C, TSS berkisar  antara 15 – 40 mg/l,  TDS berkisar antara 32 – 826 mg/l, pH berkisar 7,3 – 7,8; DO berkisar 6 – 10,1 mg/l, BOD berkisar 2,3 – 6,6 mg/l, dan kadar amoniak berkisar 0,068 – 0,304 mg/l. Pengukuran THC berkisar 41,67-67,33 x  sel/ml dengan hasil hyalinosit 62,15 – 67,46%; semi granulosit berkisar 21,23 – 25,97%; dan granulosit berkisar 8,99 – 11,9%. Hasil indeks pencemaran menunjukkan bahwa sungai dikategorikan tercemar ringan. Lebih lanjut berdasarkan nilai THC dan DHC dari hemosit dapat menggambarkan bahwa gastropoda hidup pada perairan yang tercemar ringan.

River flow pollution occurs due to the excessive use of river water without thinking about the impact on river health. Hemolymph is a fluid found in gastropods and other invertebrates that contains blood cells called Hemocytes, which play an important role in the body's defense system. This system goes through the processes of phagocytosis, melanization, encapsulation, and coagulation of cells. The purpose of this study was to analyze water quality through the profile of gastropod hemocytes in Bandungrejo Village. The research was conducted using a descriptive method by measuring water quality, hemocyte profile, and data analysis using the CCA (canonical correspondence analysis) method and pollution index. The temperature parameter results ranged from 22 to 25.3°C, TSS ranged from 15 to 40 mg/l, TDS ranged from 32 to 826 mg/l, and pH ranged from 7.3 to 7.8; DO ranged from 6 to 10.1 mg/l, BOD ranged from 2.3 to 6.6 mg/l, and ammonia levels ranged from 0.068 to 0.304 mg/l. THC measurements ranged from 41.67 to 67.33 x 104 cells/ml, with hyalinocyte yields ranging from 62.15 to 67.46%, semi-granulocyte yields ranging from 21.23 to 25.97%, and granulocyte yields ranging from 8.99 to 11.9%. Pollution index results show that the river is categorized as lightly polluted. Furthermore, based on the THC and DHC values ​​of hemocytes, it can be illustrated that gastropods live in polluted waters.